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Messages - prognastat

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1
Expat life / Re: Internet Security for Expats/Slow travelers
« on: June 27, 2019, 11:49:22 AM »
I don't really have any advice for VPNs as I don't really use one due to my minimal travel.

As for passwords I tend to use a consistent part with a slight variation for each website/app etc so I only have to remember the constant for everything and just the variation for every specific website/service. Some people also use password managers. Some of those come built in with your OS or browser such as iOS/macOS have keychain and the Chrome browser I know has a password manager built in. There's also some independent password managers apps/programs such as Keeper Password Manager or 1Password.

2
At the same time I feel reducing your options by renouncing your citizenship has a large hard to quantify cost. It might never be a problem, but if SHTF wherever you are staying the option to easily return to the US could be invaluable.

Now if you are going to be staying somewhere safer/more stable than the US this might not be much of a concern, but I would suspect most places with a more advantageous tax policy than the US probably aren't as safe/stable as the US. Meaning it would be nice to have a safe backup option in the event that things go south. Question is how much is this backup option worth.

3
Journals / Re: Tilting at Windmills
« on: June 06, 2019, 04:39:42 PM »
Yeah although the financial aspect is a large part the time/energy involved with maintaining things is often not considered either. That's how people end up owning a large house and multiple cars, but spend all their time working to afford all that stuff and what little free time they have is consumed maintaining all this stuff leaving very little to actually even enjoy all the things they spent their money on.

Definitely don't hesitate to post anything here on my behalf. Discussion is pretty much always good in my book.

4
General Discussion / Re: FI Goal
« on: June 06, 2019, 04:16:43 PM »
Plus of course make sure you are still enjoying the journey. When you cut things you do that cost money make sure you replace them with cheaper/free fun activities that meet a similar need such as entertainment, socialising etc.

5
Journals / Re: First month of moving to FIRE
« on: May 24, 2019, 11:13:54 AM »
Indeed. If you for example FIRE on 1 million and do a 4% SWR. There's about a 5% chance it will have run out by 30 years. But there is actually a much higher chance(over 50%) that you'll end up with far more than you started with. If someone was terminally ill and were told the procedure to take care of it had a 95% success rate most would feel pretty good about their odds. For the 4% SWR the odds are the same. At 3.5% SWR the historical failure rate is about 0% meaning at no 30 year period of the stock market history would you have run completely out of money by the end. This isn't of course to say that we might not run into unprecedented times and end up failing even at a 0% failure rate historically. However, nothing is ever 100% sure in life and it could also go in an unexpected other direction. Possibly AI turns out successfully and all your money in the markets affected grows even faster than expected while prices on goods drop due to decreased in labour costs making you even better off. Truth is things could turn out worse than ever before, but they could also be far better and no one knows for sure so historical data is the closest thing we have.

As for the situation with your husband I definitely agree with Jeremy that it doesn't sound like you two are on the same page and he hasn't really agreed to FIRE even if maybe he has said so in the past he isn't really convinced. You can do your best to provide information, but unless he truly comes to the conclusion that he wants FIRE and that it is feasible to him he this likely won't change. First thing you would want to figure out is what is underlying this. Is he truly fully on board with FIRE and is he simply suffering from one more year syndrome which hits even people that are in to FIRE and not being dragged along by a spouse because people might not like their job, but generally it's a familiar menial dread rather than an emergency and what's just a few more months just in case. Then a few months later you think the same thing and on and on. This might be solved by really going into the numbers and doing your calculations for your own situation to convince yourself that you have enough. There is another possibility though in that he isn't really on board with FIRE yet, he might just have been humouring you on the spending/savings side of things to avoid an uncomfortable conversation and now that you are close to goal those can't be avoided anymore. A lot of people base what is normal and acceptable on what they see those around them do. If this is the case it's going to be very hard to convince him, seeing some people that are FIRE might help, but it is likely that even those would be drowned out by the constant onslaught of consumerism in the US. Chances are just about everyone besides you in his life is a dyed in the wool consumer and worker and believe that's just what life is.

I would say though that although it's fine if he decides he wants to keep working it isn't ok to force that on you. If you are comfortable with your stash and he isn't you shouldn't have to work extra until he is comfortable if ever(keep in mind it very well might be never). Work towards getting him to accept you being FIRE/not working and showing what can be gained and hope he eventually comes around seeing that the world didn't fall apart when you stopped working.

As Jeremy said though I've seen very few people drastically change their mind on important things and I was never able to convince my ex on FIRE myself. I tried selling the dream of being FIRE. I tried with a slideshow with the data to sell it as being viable. I tried sharing blogs that talked about the concepts. She never read any that I know of or at least never discussed them if she did. It mainly came down to what I was trying to do wasn't normal and it made her uncomfortable. At the same time she didn't mind her work as much so there wasn't a drive to get away from it.

Besides my ex I've also tried to change the minds of siblings, in-laws and some friends and I can't really recall a single time I've been able to affect a major change in someone even when it seemed like they were open to feedback/changing things. Habits run deep. The only person I think I've had some influence on decisions they've made might be my mom and she is already more similar to me than most so I'm not sure if I can completely count that as a win. So I would start from the mindset that you probably won't change any minds and if you do then you got very lucky.

6
Journals / Re: Tilting at Windmills
« on: May 24, 2019, 10:37:48 AM »
Thanks, I definitely benefit from being single here and not having too many wants myself.

Having a spouse can help here as if we had two incomes, but the same living conditions and expenses it would probably be quite easy to achieve a 90+% savings rate every month. However, chances are that like my ex your spouse isn't as  minimalist/frugal as you are and then it is likely going to lower your SR. I pretty much rent a bedroom and I don't own a car. So my fixed expenses are very low for the area I live in. If I were to lose my job and cut all voluntary spending I could probably get by on less than $700 a month. Even in the FIRE world most people wouldn't choose to live as frugally as I do, but a big part of it for me is also that I like not having the maintenance work involved in owning a home or a vehicle so not only does it save me money, but more importantly it saves me time.

Keep working on it though and know that nothing is impossible, but it may just not be what you want and that's ok.

7
General Discussion / Re: FI Goal
« on: May 24, 2019, 10:26:00 AM »
Congrats on passing a neutral NW, if you're in debt at the start of your journey it's a big one as it's the moment when your net worth stops working against you and instead starts working for you accelerating your progress.

There are definitely a lot of options even more so if you are used to a relatively HCOL area(Seattle). One thing to keep in mind is that as you stop working some costs are reduced as you are no longer having to go to work. Stuff like no longer needing to commute, possibly needing fewer/no vehicles, maybe no longer needing to maintain a professional wardrobe etc.

However things like either temporarily or permanently moving to a lower cost area can definitely increase the bang for your buck.

8
Journals / Re: First month of moving to FIRE
« on: May 02, 2019, 09:18:57 AM »
Congrats on the progress.

One more year syndrome is definitely a real thing. It seems the better people's income is the harder it is to say no to just a little longer, but you have to keep in mind that there's definitely a diminishing return on investment the lower your SWR goes. At 4% there's about a 90% chance of success and once you get to about 3.5% you're at about a 100% for any period in the recorded US stock market. Beyond this point you are pretty much only at risk in the event of a total collapse of the US economy and if this were to happen well we're all screwed whether we are on the FIRE path or not.

You have to ask yourself whether it's worth it after a certain point though. Is it worth working 2-3 years extra for a few extra % in security. Also the odds are far higher that you'll actually get far too wealthy than that your portfolio fails.

However the whole point in FIRE is that you can do whatever you want after hitting FI. You can start a blog, the big question is do you want to? If you're unsure why not start one before getting there and see if you like it? It definitely shouldn't be necessary for FIRE though. There are plenty of people on the various FIRE forums that have stopped working and don't have blog income.

If he is feeling antsy about it, maybe it's worth tracking both your annual expenses and investment growth without contributions to compare the two. Maybe if he sees that the investments are growing faster than your expenses even without the contributions this will make him feel better about the plan.

There are also other things to consider that add a buffer of safety. In the event that the market takes a big dive if there is some meat on your expenses post FIRE then in really bad years you could cut down to a more stringent budget until the market recovers or if you want you can work a part time job to only cover your expenses until the market recovers. If your expenses are pretty low you don't even need to go back full time to a high paying job. Chances are a lower paying and/or part-time job would probably do the trick. Doing one of these or both would drastically reduce risk even if you FIRE at a SWR that doesn't ensure 100% success.

As for meeting FIRE people in person I've yet to meet any though I did find out one of my former coworkers started following MMM which was a pleasant surprise.

9
Travel hacking / Re: Best data plans for travel
« on: May 02, 2019, 09:04:26 AM »
That's definitely the dream as far as not having to switch service every time you travel to a new country.

10
Taxes / Re: Cost basis in vanguard
« on: April 12, 2019, 10:05:06 AM »
I just tend to use tax software to help do my taxes such as turbotax. For almost all things I need to report I get the tax forms from work and my investment companies and simply either fill in the correct document ID and it auto-fills everything necessary or just log in to the 3rd party account and it auto-fills the information. There is relatively little I need to manually find on the tax forms and fill in to the tax software and if I'm confused about something many of the software packages have options to receive an explanation of what something means.

11
Taxes / Re: Cost basis in vanguard
« on: April 10, 2019, 08:27:11 PM »
I've had two tax years with investments in Vanguard and have done my taxes myself without any issues so I doubt a pro would have any issues.

12
Early Retirement / Re: Newbie in investment
« on: April 10, 2019, 08:25:36 PM »
Congrats on getting started, the first steps are always the hardest one. Now that you have started the inertia it'll only get easier the more you add.

13
Journals / Re: Tilting at Windmills
« on: April 04, 2019, 11:40:08 AM »
Health February 2019

Health Metrics March 2019
Code: [Select]
| Category | This Month | Last Month |
|----------|------------|------------|
| Weight   |     182    |     186    |

I made some good progress the first few weeks of the month getting down to 181 in the first two weeks, however I hurt my back in the third week which lead to me taking a week off from the gym to let it recover and also lead to some bad decisions food wise ordering in some food that wasn't healthy and lead to gaining some back. The final week I got back to the gym and eating healthier I managed to get it back down some afterwards, but definitely wasn't the progress I was hoping for this month.

At the same time after the back injury I also ended up adding two protein shake servings mixed with whole milk and some creatine to my lunches to add 50 grams a protein to my daily intake as I was averaging maybe 100 grams on average a day and now that I'm getting closer to my goal weight it's getting important to shift to putting on more muscle rather than primarily focusing on losing weight. This will slow down weight loss, but will hopefully lead to more visible improvements.

Workout Progress March 2019

Saturdays(Cardio):
Code: [Select]
| Exercise                | Reps | Lbs | Cals | Time |
|-------------------------|------|-----|------|------|
| Cardio                  | N/A  | N/A | 1764 | 150m |
Sundays(Cardio):
Code: [Select]
| Exercise                | Reps | Lbs |  Cals | Time |
|-------------------------|------|-----|-------|------|
| Cardio                  | N/A  | N/A |  1900 | 150m |
Mondays(Back Day):
Code: [Select]
| Exercise                | Reps | Lbs | Cals | Time |
|-------------------------|------|-----|------|------|
| Pull Ups                |   20 | -30 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Pull Ups                |   15 | -30 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Pull Ups                |   12 | -30 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Pull Ups                |   10 | -30 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Pull Ups                |   10 | -30 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Push Ups                |   20 | N/A | N/A  | N/A  |
| Push Ups                |   20 | N/A | N/A  | N/A  |
| Push Ups                |   20 | N/A | N/A  | N/A  |
| Push Ups                |   20 | N/A | N/A  | N/A  |
| Push Ups                |   20 | N/A | N/A  | N/A  |
| Cardio                  | N/A  | N/A |  190 |  15m |
| Plank                   | N/A  | N/A | N/A  |  60s |
| Plank                   | N/A  | N/A | N/A  |  60s |
| Plank                   | N/A  | N/A | N/A  |  60s |
| Wide Grip Lat Pulldowns |   12 | 140 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Wide Grip Lat Pulldowns |   12 | 140 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Wide Grip Lat Pulldowns |   12 | 140 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Wide Grip Lat Pulldowns |   12 | 140 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Hammer Strength Row     |   12 | 130 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Hammer Strength Row     |   12 | 130 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Hammer Strength Row     |   12 | 130 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Hammer Strength Row     |   12 | 130 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Cardio                  | N/A  | N/A |  197 |  15m |
| Leg Raises              |   12 | N/A | N/A  | N/A  |
| Leg Raises              |   12 | N/A | N/A  | N/A  |
| Leg Raises              |   12 | N/A | N/A  | N/A  |
| One Arm Row             |   12 |  70 | N/A  | N/A  |
| One Arm Row             |   12 |  70 | N/A  | N/A  |
| One Arm Row             |   12 |  70 | N/A  | N/A  |
| One Arm Row             |   12 |  70 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Back Hyperextensions    |   25 |  50 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Back Hyperextensions    |   20 |  50 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Back Hyperextensions    |   15 |  50 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Back Hyperextensions    |   15 |  50 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Cardio                  | N/A  | N/A |  197 |  15m |
| Side Plank              | N/A  | N/A | N/A  |  60s |
| Side Plank              | N/A  | N/A | N/A  |  60s |
| Side Plank              | N/A  | N/A | N/A  |  60s |
Tuesdays(Chest Day):
Code: [Select]
| Exercise                    | Reps | Lbs | Cals | Time |
|-----------------------------|------|-----|------|------|
| Bench Press                 |   12 | 120 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Bench Press                 |   10 | 130 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Bench Press                 |    8 | 140 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Bench Press                 |    6 | 150 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Bench Press                 |    4 | 170 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Bench Press                 |    4 | 170 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Bench Press                 |    4 | 170 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Bench Press                 |    4 | 170 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Cardio                      | N/A  | N/A | 211  |  15m |
| Incline Bench Press         |   12 | 110 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Incline Bench Press         |   12 | 110 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Incline Bench Press         |   12 | 110 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Incline Bench Press         |   12 | 110 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Hammer Strength Bench Press |   15 | 115 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Hammer Strength Bench Press |   15 | 115 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Hammer Strength Bench Press |   15 | 115 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Hammer Strength Bench Press |   15 | 115 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Cardio                      | N/A  | N/A | 210  |  15m |
| Weighted Dips               |   10 | -20 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Weighted Dips               |   10 | -15 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Weighted Dips               |   10 | -15 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Weighted Dips               |   10 | -15 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Chest Fly                   |   12 | 115 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Chest Fly                   |   12 | 120 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Chest Fly                   |   12 | 120 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Chest Fly                   |   12 | 120 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Cardio                      | N/A  | N/A | 230  |  15m |
Wednesday(Leg Day):
Code: [Select]
| Exercise                | Reps | Lbs | Cals | Time |
|-------------------------|------|-----|------|------|
| Deadlifts               |   12 | 160 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Deadlifts               |   10 | 160 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Deadlifts               |    8 | 160 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Deadlifts               |    6 | 160 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Plank                   | N/A  | N/A | N/A  |  60s |
| Plank                   | N/A  | N/A | N/A  |  60s |
| Plank                   | N/A  | N/A | N/A  |  60s |
| Leg Press               |   46 | 540 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Leg Press               |   46 | 450 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Leg Press               |   50 | 360 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Leg Press               |   50 | 270 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Leg Press               |   50 | 180 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Leg Press               |   50 |  90 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Leg Raises              |  12  | N/A | N/A  | N/A  |
| Leg Raises              |  12  | N/A | N/A  | N/A  |
| Leg Raises              |  12  | N/A | N/A  | N/A  |
| Leg Extension           |   20 | 150 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Leg Extension           |   20 | 150 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Leg Extension           |   20 | 150 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Leg Curls               |   20 | 105 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Leg Curls               |   20 | 105 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Leg Curls               |   20 | 105 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Calf Raise              |   20 | 175 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Calf Raise              |   20 | 175 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Calf Raise              |   20 | 175 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Side Plank              | N/A  | N/A | N/A  |  60s |
| Side Plank              | N/A  | N/A | N/A  |  60s |
| Side Plank              | N/A  | N/A | N/A  |  60s |
Thursday(Shoulder Day):
Code: [Select]
| Exercise                | Reps | Lbs | Cals | Time |
|-------------------------|------|-----|------|------|
| Military Press          |   10 |  90 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Military Press          |    8 |  90 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Military Press          |    6 | 100 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Military Press          |    5 | 100 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Military Press          |    4 | 100 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Military Press          |    3 | 100 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Military Press          |    3 | 100 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Cardio                  | N/A  | N/A | 204  |  15m |
| Arnold Press            |   12 |  80 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Arnold Press            |   12 |  80 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Arnold Press            |   12 |  80 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Arnold Press            |   12 |  80 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Barbell Shrugs          |   12 | 120 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Barbell Shrugs          |   12 | 120 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Barbell Shrugs          |   12 | 120 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Barbell Shrugs          |   12 | 120 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Cardio                  | N/A  | N/A | 205  |  15m |
| Lateral Raises          |   12 |  40 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Lateral Raises          |   12 |  40 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Lateral Raises          |   12 |  40 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Front Raises            |   12 |  40 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Front Raises            |   12 |  40 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Front Raises            |   12 |  40 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Rear Delt Flys          |   12 |  85 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Rear Delt Flys          |   12 |  85 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Rear Delt Flys          |   12 |  85 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Cardio                  | N/A  | N/A | 203  |  15m |
Friday(Arm Day):
Code: [Select]
| Exercise                | Reps | Lbs   | Cals | Time |
|-------------------------|------|-------|------|------|
| Barbell Curls           |   10 |  80   | N/A  | N/A  |
| Barbell Curls           |   10 |  80   | N/A  | N/A  |
| Barbell Curls           |   10 |  80   | N/A  | N/A  |
| Skull Crushers          |   10 |  60   | N/A  | N/A  |
| Skull Crushers          |   10 |  60   | N/A  | N/A  |
| Skull Crushers          |   10 |  60   | N/A  | N/A  |
| Cardio                  | N/A  | N/A   |  197 |  15m |
| Plank                   | N/A  |  N/A  | N/A  |  60s |
| Plank                   | N/A  |  N/A  | N/A  |  60s |
| Plank                   | N/A  |  N/A  | N/A  |  60s |
| Preacher Curls          |   10 |  65   | N/A  | N/A  |
| Preacher Curls          |   10 |  65   | N/A  | N/A  |
| Preacher Curls          |   10 |  65   | N/A  | N/A  |
| French Curls            |   10 |  60   | N/A  | N/A  |
| French Curls            |   10 |  60   | N/A  | N/A  |
| French Curls            |   10 |  60   | N/A  | N/A  |
| Cardio                  | N/A  | N/A   |  199 |  15m |
| Leg Raises              |   12 |  N/A  | N/A  | N/A  |
| Leg Raises              |   12 |  N/A  | N/A  | N/A  |
| Leg Raises              |   12 |  N/A  | N/A  | N/A  |
| Hammer Curls            |   10 |  60   | N/A  | N/A  |
| Hammer Curls            |   10 |  60   | N/A  | N/A  |
| Hammer Curls            |   10 |  60   | N/A  | N/A  |
| Tricep Rope Pull Downs  |   10 |    54 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Tricep Rope Pull Downs  |   10 |    54 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Tricep Rope Pull Downs  |   10 |    54 | N/A  | N/A  |
| Cardio                  | N/A  | N/A   |  194 |  15m |
| Side Plank              | N/A  |  N/A  | N/A  |  60s |
| Side Plank              | N/A  |  N/A  | N/A  |  60s |
| Side Plank              | N/A  |  N/A  | N/A  |  60s |
| Wrist Curls             |   20 |  50   | N/A  | N/A  |
| Wrist Curls             |   20 |  50   | N/A  | N/A  |
| Wrist Curls             |   20 |  50   | N/A  | N/A  |
| Reverse Wrist Curls     |   20 |  40   | N/A  | N/A  |
| Reverse Wrist Curls     |   20 |  40   | N/A  | N/A  |
| Reverse Wrist Curls     |   20 |  40   | N/A  | N/A  |

14
Journals / Re: Tilting at Windmills
« on: April 04, 2019, 11:35:24 AM »
Finances March 2019

Income March 2019
Code: [Select]
| Category     |   $   |   %   |
|--------------|-------|-------|
| Total        | 5,610 | 100.0 |
| Paychecks    | 2,913 |  51.9 |
| 401k         | 2,486 |  22.3 |
| HSA          |   211 |   3.7 |

This month was a little out of whack in that after filing taxes I ended up owing $600. I ended up subtracting it from this months income as a generally subtract taxes from my income in this journal as my taxes are a result of the income. This put a dent in my income for this month.

Spending March 2019
Code: [Select]
| Category     |   $  |   %   |
|--------------|------|-------|
| Total        |1,532 | 100.0 |
| Food         |  686 |  44.7 |
| Rent         |  600 |  39.1 |
| Entertainment|  135 |   8.8 |
| Health       |   77 |   5.0 |
| Gifts        |   34 |   2.2 |

The main thing out of the ordinary this month is my food budget. This is through a combination of two things. First one is the back injury and eating out I mention in my health post. Ordering food delivery for the larger part of a week definitely added up. The other thing was buying 1 years worth of protein powder and creatine on sale. I don't mind the latter one as this was necessary and buying it in bulk on sale will save me in the long run, but I feel bad about the former as I could have made better choices even if I was in pain and out of commission for much of that time. Groceries only made up about 115 of the food budget, eating out/delivery was about 120 and the rest was for the protein powder/creatine. This should be much lower next month.

Personal spending/entertainment was also a little higher than intended between buying an archery target, some video games, a book, and the gift.

Net Worth March 2019
Code: [Select]
| Category     |    $    |   %   |
|--------------|---------|-------|
| Total        | 272,301 | 100.0 |
| Cash         |   3,331 |   1.2 |
| Investments  | 268,970 |   9.8 |

The market rebounding definitely added a bunch to the total. I also put the annual limit in my Traditional IRA converting some of the cash from last month to investments this month.

Spending/Savings Rate March 2019
Code: [Select]
| Category     |    $    |   %   |
|--------------|---------|-------|
| Income       |   5,610 | 100.0 |
| Spending     |   1,532 |  27.3 |
| Savings      |   4,078 |  72.6 |

15
Taxes / Re: Traditional ira or roth?
« on: March 25, 2019, 08:39:34 AM »
And given that you are interested in FIRE I would assume you are saving a relatively sizeable portion of your income meaning you would need less in withdrawals than you are currently making in income and would mean a lower tax rate in retirement(barring large changes to the tax code of course).

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